(白居易)
五岳之首的泰山,不可輕視秋毫之末,顏子不羨慕彭祖。松樹雖千年,終究難逃腐朽;槿花雖朝開夕落,卻能在短暫中顯其光采。不必因眷戀俗世而憂懼死亡,也不該因對生無所戀而厭倦活著。生死原是夢幻;既是夢幻,那麼我們的悲哀歡樂又被何所牽絆?
泰山雄偉高聳,毫末細微渺小;顏回短命早死,彭祖長壽八百年;松樹千年常青,槿花朝生暮死。
這詩以泰山與毫末、顏回與彭祖、松樹與槿花的對比,指出無論大小,長短都只是相對的概念,滄海一粟,終究逃不過自然的規律。世人對榮耀與壽命的執著是無意義的,真正的生命價值不在於長壽或顯赫,乃在於是否曾清明自處,自在如風;在於內心的本質與修為。
「諸行無常」,一切世間事物無時不在生住異滅中,沒有常恒不變之相;「諸法無我」,所謂的我只是外緣所合,緣聚緣散,只是相對的生理和心理現象。人生如夢幻泡影,生死不過是幻象,人世間的喜怒哀樂皆因執著於幻象而生,一切執著都是自尋煩惱,應以超脫的心態看待人生。
Do not scorn the tiniest speck,
As Mount Tai holds even the smallest mote.
Yan does not envy the age of Peng,
For virtue lies not in how long we float.
Though pines live a thousand years, they
still decay,
While a hibiscus blooms just for a day—yet
finds glory in its own way.
Why worry over death and cling to life?
Why disdain the body or drown in strife?
Birth and death are illusions spun,
Why should joy and sorrow bind anyone?
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