太行之路能摧車，若比人心是坦途。 巫峽之水能覆舟，若比人心是安流。
人心好惡苦不常，好生毛羽惡生瘡。 與君結髮未五載，豈期牛女爲參商。
古稱色衰相棄背，當時美人猶怨悔。 何況如今鸞鏡中，妾顏未改君心改。 爲君熏衣裳，君聞蘭麝不馨香。 爲君盛容飾，君看金翠無顏色。
行路難，難重陳。 人生莫作婦人身，百年苦樂由他人。 行路難，難於山，險於水。 不獨人間夫與妻，近代君臣亦如此。 君不見：左納言，右納史；朝承恩，暮賜死。
行路難，不在水，不在山，只在人情反覆間！
(白居易)
白居易筆下的〈太行路〉，不走山水險途，卻直探人心幽微。詩以山水映人心，以棄婦喻臣子，層層遞進，終歸「人情反覆」之嘆。語言直白如訴，情感激烈如焚，比喻深刻而不雕琢。
「人生莫作婦人身，百年苦樂由他人」，既是對女性命運的悲憫，也是對臣子依附君恩的深層諷刺。白居易身居翰林，目睹朝堂翻覆，恩寵如霧，忠誠如塵，故以情言政，以怨諷世。
〈太行路〉非詞，乃新樂府之一。白居易不以典故為飾，不以辭藻堆砌，而以真情述叙，直指人性之變，制度之險。
行路之難，不在山水，而在人心，此言擲地有聲，啟瞶振聾。
※詩中「左納言，右納史」非實官名，乃詩人虛擬之稱，泛指朝中受寵之臣，象徵君恩無常。
The road through Taihang can shatter carts - yet gentler than the path of human hearts.
The waters of
Wu Gorge can overturn boats - yet calmer than the currents of affection.
Hearts shift
in favor and disdain: they cherish soft feathers, then loathe a sore.
I bound my hair with yours
not five years past - who knew we’d become stars that never meet? Like the
Cowherd and the Weaver Girl became Shen and Shang - stars that rise and set
apart.
They say
beauty fades and love departs; even ancient beauties grieved their fate.
What of me,
now before the mirror? My face unchanged - your heart turned cold.
I scent your
robes with musk and orchid - yet you say the fragrance no longer pleases.
I dress in
gold and emerald finery - yet you see no color in my adornment.
The road is
hard. Hard again.
A woman’s life
- never choose it.
A hundred
years of joy or grief, all decided by another.
The road is
hard - harder than mountains, more perilous than rivers.
Not only
husbands and wives suffer thus—so too do rulers and their ministers.
Have you not
seen?
The Left
Adviser, the Right Historian - favored at dawn, condemned by dusk.
The road is
hard - not in water, not in stone -
but in the
fickleness of the human heart.
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